ISI BSTAT / ISI BMATH SUBJECTIVE Detailed Answers 2023 WITH FULL SOLUTIONS

ISI 2023 BSTAT BMATH SUBJECTIVE Detailed Answers with Techniques 2023 FULL SOLUTION

IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS 2023 COMPLETE SOLUTION WITH EXPLANATION

IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS 2023 COMPLETE SOLUTION WITH EXPLANATION SHORT CUT TRICKS

Some Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Autocorrelation in Econometrics

Econometrics (AUTOCORRELATIOn)

1. Autocorrelation refers to:

a) Correlation between two variables b) Correlation between a variable and its lagged values c) Correlation between two different time series d) Correlation between two different populations

Answer: b) Correlation between a variable and its lagged values

2. What is the range of values that the autocorrelation coefficient can take?**

a) -1 to 0 b) 0 to 1 c) -1 to 1 d) 0 to infinity

Answer: c) -1 to 1

3. In a time series plot, if the data points appear to be randomly scattered, then the autocorrelation is:

a) High b) Low c) Cannot be determined from time series plot d) None of the above

Answer: b) Low

4. Which of the following can be used to test the null hypothesis of no autocorrelation?

a) Box-Ljung test b) Student's t-test c) Chi-square test d) ANOVA

Answer: a) Box-Ljung test

5. In a time series plot, if the data points show a periodic pattern, then the autocorrelation is:

a) High b) Low c) Cannot be determined from time series plot d) None of the above

Answer: a) High

6. Which of the following is a possible cause of autocorrelation in time series data?

a) Seasonality b) Trend c) Measurement error d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

7. What does a positive autocorrelation coefficient indicate?

a) There is a positive association between the variable and its lagged values b) There is a negative association between the variable and its lagged values c) There is no association between the variable and its lagged values d) The variable is not stationary

Answer: a) There is a positive association between the variable and its lagged values

8. What does a negative autocorrelation coefficient indicate?

a) There is a positive association between the variable and its lagged values b) There is a negative association between the variable and its lagged values c) There is no association between the variable and its lagged values d) The variable is not stationary

Answer: b) There is a negative association between the variable and its lagged values

9. Which of the following is true about autocorrelation in a stationary time series?

a) The autocorrelation coefficient is constant for all lags b) The autocorrelation coefficient decreases as the lag increases c) The autocorrelation coefficient increases as the lag increases d) The autocorrelation coefficient is zero for all lags

Answer: a) The autocorrelation coefficient is constant for all lags

10. Which of the following methods can be used to remove autocorrelation from a time series?

a) Differencing b) Smoothing c) Regression d) All of the above

Answer: a) Differencing

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INDIAN STATISTICAL SERVICE EXAM SYLLABUS LATEST 2023 Exam

INDIAN STATISTICAL SERVICE EXAM SYLLABUS LATEST 2023 exam

STATISTICS

Paper I

1. Probability:

   Elements of measure theory, Classical definitions and axiomatic approach. Sample space. Class of events and Probability measure. Laws of total and compound probability. Probability of m events out of n. Conditional probability, Bayes’ theorem. Random variables - discrete and continuous. Distribution function. Standard probability distributions - Bernoulli, uniform, binomial, Poisson, geometric, rectangular, exponential, normal, Cauchy, hypergeometric, multinomial, Laplace, negative binomial, beta, gamma, lognormal and compound. Poisson distribution. Joint distributions, conditional distributions, Distributions of functions of random variables. Convergence in distribution, in probability, with probability one and in mean square.

Moments and cumulants. Mathematical expectation and conditional expectation. Characteristic function and moment and probability generating functions Inversion uniqueness and continuity theorems. Borel 0-1 law: Kolmogorov’s 0-1 law. Tchebycheff’s and Kolmogorov’s inequalities.

Laws of large numbers and central limit theorems for independent variables. Conditional expectation and Martingales.

2. Statistical Methods: (a) Collection, compilation and presentation of data, Charts, diagrams and histogram. Frequency distribution. Measures of location, dispersion, skewness and kurtosis.

Bivariate and multivariate data. Association and contingency. Curve fitting and orthogonal polynomials. Bivariate normal distribution. regression-linear, polynomial. Distribution of the correlation coefficient, Partial and multiple correlation, Intraclass correlation, Correlation ratio.(b) Standard errors and large sample test.

Sampling distributions of x,s2, t, chisqure and F; tests of significance based on them, Small sample tests. (c) Non-parametric tests-Goodness of fit, sign, median, run, Wicloxon, Mann-Whitney, Wald-Wolfowitz and Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Rank order statistics-minimum, maximum, range and median. Concept of Asymptotic relative effciency.

3. Numerical Analysis

Interpolation formulae (with remainder terms) due to Lagrange, Newton-Gregory, Newton Divided different, Gauss and Striling. Euler-Maclaurin’s summation formula.

Inverse interpolation.

Numerical integration and differentiation.

Difference equations of the first order.

Linear difference equations with constant coefficients.

STATISTICS-II

1. Linear Models: Theory of linear estimation. Gauss-Markoff setup. Least square estimators. Use of ginverse. analysis of one-way and two way classified data-fixed, mixed and random effect models. Tests for regression coefficients.

2. Estimation: Characteristics of good estimator. Estimation methods of maximum likelihood, minimum chi-square, moments and least squares. Optimal properties of maximum likelihood estimators. Minimum variance unbiased estimators. Minimum variance bound estimators. Cramer-Rao inequality. Bhattacharya bounds. Sufficient estimator. factorisation theorem. Complete statistics. Rao-Blackwell theorem. Confidence interval estimation. Optimum confidence bounds. Resampling, Bootstrap and Jacknife.

3. Hypotheses testing and Statistical Quality Control: (a) Hypothesis testing: Simple and composite hypothesis. Two kinds of error. Critical region. Different types of critical regions and similar regions. Power function. Mostpowerful and uniformly most powerful tests. Neyman-Pearson fundamental lemma. Unbiased test. Randomised test. Likelihood ratio test. Wald’s SPRT, OC and ASN functions. Elements of decision and game theory. b) Statistical Quality Control: Control Charts for variable and attributes. Acceptance Sampling by attributes-Single, double, multiple and sequential Sampling plans; Concepts of AOQL and ATI; Acceptance Sampling by variables-use of Dodge-Romig and other tables.

4. Multivariate Analysis: Multivariate normal distribution. Estimation of mean Vector and covariance matrix. Distribution of Hotelling’s T2-statistic, Mahalanobis’s D2-statistic, and their use in testing. Partial and multiple correlation coefficients in samples from a multivariate normal population. Wishart’s distribution, its reproductive and other properties. Wilk’s criterion. Discriminant function. Principal components. Canonical variates and correlations.

STATISTICS-III

1. Sampling Techniques: Census versus sample survey. Pilot and large scale sample surveys. Role of NSS organisation. Simple random sampling with and without replacement. Stratified sampling and sample allocations. Cos and Variance functions. Ratio and Regression methods of estimation. Sampling with probability proportional to size. Cluster, double, multiphase, multistage and systematic sampling. Interpenetrating sub-sampling. Nonsampling errors.

2. Design and Analysis of Experiments: Principles of design of experiments. Layout and analysis of completely randomised, randomised block and Latin square designs. Factorial experiments and confounding in 2n and 3n experiments. Split-plot and strip-plot designs. Construction and analysis of balanced and partially balanced incomplete block designs. Analysis of covariance. Analysis of non-orthogonal data. analysis of missing and mixed plot data.

3. Economic Statistics: Components of time series. Methods of their determination-variate difference method. Yule-Slutsky effect. Correlogram. Autoregressive models of first and second order. Periodogram analysis.

Index numbers of prices and quantities and their relative merits. Construction of index numbers of wholesale and consumer prices. Income distribution- Pareto and Engel curves. Concentration curve. Methods of estimating national income. Inter-sectoral flows. Inter-industry table. Role of CSO.

4. Econometrics: Theory and analysis of consumer demand-specification and estimation of demand functions. Demand elasticities. Structure and model. Estimation of parameters in single equation model-classical least squares, generalised least-square, heteroscedasticity, serial correlation, multi-collinearity, errors in variable model. Simultaneous equation models-Identification, rank and other conditions. Indirect least squares and two stage least squares. Short-term economic forecasting.

ISS Statistics - IV Syllabus

Statistics - IV paper of Indian Statistical Services is of descriptive type with 80 questions and 200 marks. The duration of the paper is 3 hours. The syllabus has seven sections. You have to choose any two sections and answer. There are two questions in each section.

1. Operations Research and Reliability

Definition and Scope of Operations Research: phases in Operation Research, models and their solutions, decision making under uncertainty and risk, use of different criteria, sensitivity analysis. Transportation and assignment problems. Bellman's principle of optimality, general formulation, computational methods and application of dynamic programming to LPP. Decision-making in the face of competition, two-person games, pure and mixed strategies, existence of solution and uniqueness of value in zero-sum games, finding solutions in 2x2, 2xm and mxn games. Analytical structure of inventory problems, EOQ formula of Harris, its sensitivity analysis and extensions allowing quantity discounts and shortages. Multi-item inventory subject to constraints. Models with random demand, the static risk model. P and Q- systems with constant and random lead times. Queuing models - specification and effectiveness measures. Steady-state solutions of M/M/1 and M/M/c models with associated distributions of queue-length and waiting time. M/G/1 queue and Pollazcek-Khinchine result. Sequencing and scheduling problems. 2-machine n-job and 3-machine n-job problems with identical machine sequence for all jobs. Branch and Bound method for solving travelling salesman problem. Replacement problems - Block and age replacement policies. PERT and CPM - basic concepts. Probability of project completion. Reliability concepts and measures, components and systems, coherent systems, reliability of coherent systems.

Life-distributions, reliability function, hazard rate, common univariate life distributions - exponential, weibull, gamma, etc.. Bivariate exponential distributions. Estimation of parameters and tests in these models. Notions of aging - IFR, IFRA, NBU, DMRL and NBUE classes and their duals. Loss of memory property of the exponential distribution. Reliability estimation based on failure times in variously censored life-tests and in tests with replacement of failed items. Stress-strength reliability and its estimation.

2. Demography and Vital Statistics

Sources of demographic data, census, registration, ad-hoc surveys, Hospital records, Demographic profiles of the Indian Census. Complete life table and its main features, Uses of life table. Makehams and Gompertz curves. National life tables. UN model life tables. Abridged life tables. Stable and stationary populations. Measurement of Fertility: Crude birth rate, General fertility rate, Age specific birth rate, Total fertility rate, Gross reproduction rate, Net reproduction rate. Measurement of Mortality: Crude death rate, Standardized death rates, Age-specific death rates, Infant Mortality rate, Death rate by cause. Internal migration and its measurement, migration models, concept of international migration. Net migration. International and postcensal estimates. Projection method including logistic curve fitting. Decennial population census in India.

3. Survival Analysis and Clinical Trial

Concept of time, order and random censoring, likelihood in the distributions - exponential, gamma, Weibull, lognormal, Pareto, Linear failure rate, inference for these distribution. Life tables, failure rate, mean residual life and their elementary classes and their properties. Estimation of survival function - actuarial estimator, Kaplan - Meier estimator, estimation under the assumption of IFR/DFR, tests of exponentiality against non-parametric classes, total time on test. Two sample problem - Gehan test, log rank test. Semi-parametric regression for failure rate - Cox's proportional hazards model with one and several covariates, rank test for the regression coefficient. Competing risk model, parametric and non-parametric inference for this model.

Introduction to clinical trials: the need and ethics of clinical trials, bias and random error in clinical studies, conduct of clinical trials, overview of Phase I - IV trials, multicenter trials. Data management: data definitions, case report forms, database design, data collection systems for good clinical practice. Design of clinical trials: parallel vs. cross-over designs, cross-sectional vs. longitudinal designs, review of factorial designs, objectives and endpoints of clinical trials, design of Phase I trials, design of single-stage and multi-stage Phase II trials, design and monitoring of phase III trials with sequential stopping, Reporting and analysis: analysis of categorical outcomes from Phase I - III trials, analysis of survival data from clinical trials.

4. Quality Control

Statistical process and product control: Quality of a product, need for quality control, basic concept of process control, process capability and product control, general theory of control charts, causes of variation in quality, control limits, sub grouping summary of out of control criteria, charts for attributes p chart, np chart, c-chart, V chart, charts for variables: R, (−X ,R), (−X ,σ) charts. Basic concepts of process monitoring and control; process capability and process optimization. General theory and review of control charts for attribute and variable data; O.C. and A.R.L. of control charts; control by gauging; moving average and exponentially weighted moving average charts; Cu-Sum charts using V-masks and decision intervals; Economic design of X-bar chart. Acceptance sampling plans for attributes inspection; single and double sampling plans and their properties; plans for inspection by variables for one-sided and two sided specification.

5. Multivariate Analysis

Multivariate normal distribution and its properties. Random sampling from multivariate normal distribution. Maximum likelihood estimators of parameters, distribution of sample mean vector. Wishart matrix - its distribution and properties, distribution of sample generalized variance, null and non-null distribution of multiple correlation coefficients. Hotelling's T2 and its sampling distribution, application in test on mean vector for one and more multivariate normal population and also on equality of components of a mean vector in multivariate normal population. Classification problem: Standards of good classification, procedure of classification based on multivariate normal distributions. Principal components, dimension reduction, canonical variates and canonical correlation - definition, use, estimation and computation.

6. Design and Analysis of Experiments

Analysis of variance for one way and two way classifications, Need for design of experiments, basic principle of experimental design (randomization, replication and local control), complete analysis and layout of completely randomized design, randomized block design and Latin square design, Missing plot technique. Split Plot Design and Strip Plot Design. Factorial experiments and confounding in 2n and 3n experiments. Analysis of covariance. Analysis of non-orthogonal data. Analysis of missing data.

7. Computing with C and R

Basics of C: Components of C language, structure of a C program, Data type, basic data types, Enumerated data types, Derived data types, variable declaration, Local, Global, Parametric variables, Assignment of Variables, Numeric, Character, Real and String constants, Arithmetic, Relation and Logical operators, Assignment operators, Increment and decrement operators, conditional operators, Bitwise operators, Type modifiers and expressions, writing and interpreting expressions, using expressions in statements. Basic input/output. Control statements: conditional statements, if - else, nesting of if - else, else if ladder, switch statements, loops in c, for, while, do - while loops, break, continue, exit ( ), goto and label declarations, One dimensional two dimensional and multidimensional arrays. Storage classes: Automatic variables, External variables, Static variables, Scope and lifetime of declarations. Functions: classification of functions, functions definition and declaration, assessing a function, return statement, parameter passing in functions. Pointers (concept only). Structure: Definition and declaration; structure (initialization) comparison of structure variable; Array of structures: array within structures, structures within structures, passing structures to functions; Unions accessing a union member, union of structure, initialization of a union variable, uses of union. Introduction to linked list, linear linked list, insertion of a node in list, removal of a node from list. Files in C: Defining and opening a file, input - output operation on a file, creating a file, reading a file. Statistics Methods and techniques in R.

ENGLISH

The standard of papers in General English and General Studies will be such as may be expected of a graduate of an Indian University. The standard of papers in the other subjects will be that of the Master degree examination of an Indian University in the relevant disciplines. The candidates will be expected to illustrate theory by facts, and to analyses problems with the help of theory. They will be expected to be particularly conversant with Indian problems in the field(s) of Economics/Statistics. GENERAL ENGLISH Candidates will be required to write an essay in English. Other questions will be designed to test their understanding of English and workman like use of words. Passages will usually be set for summary or precis.

The standard of papers in General English and General Studies will be such as may be expected of a graduate of an Indian University. The standard of papers in the other subjects will be that of the Master degree examination of an Indian University in the relevant disciplines. The candidates will be expected to illustrate theory by facts, and to analyses problems with the help of theory. They will be expected to be particularly conversant with Indian problems in the field(s) of Economics/Statistics.

GENERAL STUDIES General knowledge including knowledge of current events and of such matters of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person who has not made a special study of any scientific subject. The paper will also include questions on Indian Polity including the political system and the Constitution of India History of India and Geography of a nature which a candidate should be able to answer without special study.

UPSC ISS Exam Answer Key 2022 JUNE

UPSC ISS Exam Answer Key 2022 Highlights Name of Posts : Indian Economic Service and Indian Statistical Service Examination 2022. Exam Date : 24, 25 & 26 June 2022 Answer Key Date : Release Soon Answer Key Date : Update Soon

Indian Economic Services upsc answer 2022 questions and solutions with study materials

Indian Economic Services upsc answer 2022 questions and solutions with study materials

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 1-2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 1 Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200

Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions:

There are THIRTEEN questions divided under THREE sections.

The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory.

In Section B FIVE out of SEVEN questions are to he attempted

In Section C, THREE out of FIVE questions are to be attempted.

Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers.

Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of question shall be counted even if attempted partly.

Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off.

Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.

SECTION A (Compulsory Section)

Q1. Answer all the following seven parts. 5×7=35 (a)Show that the ordinary demand curve will have a greater demand elasticity than the compensated demand curve. 5 (b)Discuss the Lerner Index of monopoly power. 5 (c)Illustrate graphically the effects of advertising on price and output in monopolistic competition. 5 (d)Distinguish between Partial Equilibrium and General Equilibrium Approaches. 5 (e)"The social optimal output occurs where Marginal Social Benefits (MSBS) equal Marginal Social Costs (MSCs)." Examine the statement. 5 (f) Solve the following 2*2 game : B1 B2 A1 2 3 A2 4 -1 Player A

Player B

(g) Show that TSS = ESS + RSS.

SECTION B Answer any five out of the following seven questions: 18×5=90 Q2.Consider the 2-variable linear regression model: Yi = α + βX i; + Ui , i= 1, 2,….., n, where notations have their usual meanings. (a)Estimate the parameters α and β by the OLS method. Also estimate standard errors of these estimates. 10 (b)Describe the testing procedure of B and estimate the 95% confidence interval of B. 08 Q3. (a) Define Indirect Utility Function. Derive the Indirect Utility Function from the Direct Utility Function. 06 (b)Consider the Indirect Utility Function: V = M² 4P1P2 where notations have their usual meanings. Derive the demand functions for x₁ and x2. 06 (c)Consider the utility function and budget equation of a consumer respectively: U = x1x2, M = p1 x1 + p2 x2, where notations have their usual meanings. Derive the expenditure function of the consumer. 06 Q4. (a) Show that a monopolists produces output in the elastic range of demand. 08 Q6. Consider an economy consisting of two consumers, one producer, one ordinary good, one public good and one primary factor. Show that Pareto optimality conditions are not valid for the public good. 18 Q7. (a)Explain the concept of stability and its different types. 6 (b)Explain the stability conditions in a single market both in the Walrasian process and Marshallian process. 12 Q9. (a)Consider the first-order autoregressive scheme in the general regression model. How would you estimate the variance, covariance and autocorrelation coefficient of the disturbance term of the model? 9 (b)Describe the Durbin-Watson (DW) test of autocorrelation. 7 (c)Given a sample of 50 observations and 4 explanatory variables, what can you say about autocorrelation if the computed Durbin-Watson (DW) values are: (i) 1-05, (ii) 2.50 and (iii) 3-97? [DWL= 1·378, DWU = 1.721 at 5% level of significance, n = 50, k = 4] 9

Q10. (a)Graphically explain the Lorenz curve as a measure of income inequality. 5 (b)How would you derive the Gini coefficient from the Lorenz curve ? 10 (c)How would you derive the Gini coefficient from the Pareto law of income distribution ? 10 Q11. (a)"It is not possible to construct social preferences from individual preferences without violating one or more of the five axioms." Examine the statement given by Arrow. 12 (b)Consider the economy with two goods and fixed factor supplies. Assume that the social welfare function defined in commodity space : w = (x₁ + 2) x2 and that society's implicit production function x₁ -2x2 - 1 = 0. 6 (c) Explain ‘Compensation Principle’ and ‘Test Criteria’ formulated by Hicks-Scitovsky. 7

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 2-2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS Paper - II Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions: There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE sections. The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory. In Section B, SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted. In Section C, FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted. Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limite may be penalized. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only. SECTION A (Compulsory Section) Q1. Answer the following questions in about 100 words each: 5×6=30 (a) What is the real cash balance effect? 5 (b) Which policy will be effective if the IS Curve is vertical? 5 (c) Illustrate, with a suitable example, how call options can be used for the purpose of speculation. 5 (d) Explain the difference between the concepts of convergence and conditional convergence. 5 (e) Explain the multiple exchange rate system and the advantages associated with it. 5 (f) Explain how the transfer pricing is generally used by a multinational corporation as a method of increasing profit. 5 SECTION B Answer any six out of the following nine questions in about 200 words each: 15*6=90 Q2. How can Quesnay’s Tableau Economique be regarded as a forerunner of modern circular flow of income and expenditure withou government? 15 Q3. Explain the differences among Gross National Product, National Income and Disposable Income. What adjustments have to made in order to calculate Green National Income? 15 Q4. Enumerate the basic differences between Keynesian and Monetarist schools of thought in stimulating demand. 15 Q5. Explain the relationship between finance and economic development in the context of a modern modern - using market economy. 15 Q6.Discuss Rostow’s stage theory of growth and compare it with Lewis’ econoimc development with unlimited supplies of labour. 15 Q7. What is instrumental in Solow’s growth model and what are its limitations? 15 Q8. Explain the relationship between the relative prices of output and relative factor rewards in the light of Stolper- Samuelson theoremn. 15 Q9.Do you agree that an economy cannot simultaneously maintain a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement and an independent monetary policy?Explain 15 Q10. Explain the changes in principles of multilateral trade negotiations over the globe since 1995. 15

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 3 2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS Paper - III Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions: There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE sections. The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory. In Section B, SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted. In Section C, FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted. Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Wherever any assumptions are made for answering a question, they must be clearly indicated. Diagrams/Figures, wherever required, shall be drwan in the space required for answering the question itself. Unless otherwise mentioned, symbols and notations have their usual standard meanings. Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limits may be penalized. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question sha ll be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answer must be written in ENGLISH only.

SECTION “A” 1.Answer all the following parts in about 100 words each: 5*6=30
1.(a) Differentiate bequest value and existence values with example. 1.(b) What is the rationale behind zero-based budgeting? 1.(c) Clarity why a monopolist does not have a supply curve. 1.(d)Explain Laffer Curve with a diagram. 1.(e)What are India's Green Growth Challenges? 1.(f)The decentralized planning effectively reduces the regional disparities.' Substantiate your views.

SECTION 'B' Answer any six questions out of the following nine in about 200 words each: 15x6=90 2.'Collective actions by local communities can help to control the environmental degradation.' Explain. 15 3.Give an account of the Theory of Contestable Market propounded by W. J. Baumol. 15 4.Using suitable diagram, show that under monopoly, the consumer surplus is lower, but the producer surplus is higher than that of a perfect competitive market. 15 5.'Patents grant monopoly power and hence necessarily reduce the short term and long term welfare of the economy.' Argue in favour or against the statement. 15 6.Distinguish between institutions and organizations. How can they lead to path dependency? 15 7.Explain the doctrine of Environmental Kuznets curve with diagram. How does the sound environmental regulations shift the curve? 15 8.Discuss the significance of the Principle of Ability to pay in the context of justified equality in the payment of tax. 15 9.Elucidate the importance of monetary policy in managing the public debt. 15 10.Would you identify the expenditure to save the white tigers in India as use value?Elaborate. 15

SECTION 'C'

Answer any four questions out of the following six in about 300 words each : 20x4-80 11.Explain different categories of market-based instruments to control environmental pollution.20 12.'Market economy and development planning complement each other." Elaborate your views on this. 20 13.Present the basic arguments and discussions of Kyoto Protocol and Paris Climate Agreements. Identify the status of the US in these agreements. What is carbon credit ?20 14.'The unskilled surplus labour is a source for increasing foreign exchange.'Substantiate. 20 15.Cost-Benefit Analysis has been developed to make expenditure decisions more appropriate.Explain the statement with your comments. 20 16.(a) 'Kinked demand hypothesis is not a theory of pricing, but a tool for explaining why is price sticky in oligopoly. Discuss. (b)A monopolist has two demand functions in two separate markets. They are: P₁ = 80-5Q₁ P₂=170-20Q₂ O Type here to search If the marginal cost of the monopolist is Rs10 and his fixed cost is Rs 50, find the equilibrium prices and quantities in the two markets. How do they change if the fixed cost changes to ₹100 ? 8+12=20 IES INDIAN ECONOMY PAPER 4 2022

SECTION 'A'

1. Answer all six parts from this section. Answer to each should be in about 100 words. 5x6-30 1.(a)Write down the key recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission of India. 5 1.(b)What are the basic approaches of financial sector reforms in India? 5 1.(c)Discuss how e-NAM and derivatives market linkages can benefit farmers in India. 5 1.(d)Discuss the role of Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) in India in the context of inflation targeting. 5 1.(e)Write down the main features of foreign trade policy (2015-20) of India. 5 1.(f)Analyse the trends in 'Fuel and Power' inflation in India based on WPI. 5

SECTION 'B' Answer any six questions from this section. Answer to each should be in about 200 words. 15x6-90

2. "India has a worse underemployment problem than unemployment." Do you agree? Give reasons. 15 3.Analyse the performance of commodity futures markets in India. Critically evaluate the working of Forward Markets Commission (FMC) in India. 15 4.Describe the measures taken by the Government of India to tackle the problem of black money. To what extent these measures are successful in addressing the problem? 15 5.What is competition policy? Why do we need a national competition policy (NCP)? How does NCP affect economic growth in India? 15 6.Discuss the opportunities and challenges of India's insurance sector. How the insurance sector reforms can resolve these challenges ? 15 7.Analyse the effects of tariff protections on domestic industries in India. Evaluate India's trade openness and tariff policy since the 1991 reforms. 15 8.Explain the rationale for various monetary policy measures undertaken by the RBI during COVID-19 Pandemic in India. 15 9.How is core inflation different from CPI headline inflation ? What is the rationale in measuring core inflation ? Explain. 15
3. What is the Aspirational Districts Programme of the Government of India? Discuss how it is a manifestation of the inclusive development agenda. 15

SECTION 'C' Answer any four questions from this section. Answer to each should be in about 300 words. 20×4=80 11.(a)Differentiate between the strategies for self-reliance through protection and self-reliance through globalisation. 10 11.(b)Evaluate Public Expenditure Management Policy as an instrument of fiscal reforms in India. 10 12 .What are the basic principles of fiscal management in India? Discuss the role of FRBM rules (2004) to improve the fiscal health at sub-national level. 20 13.(a)Critically examine whether growing population is the cause of poverty or poverty is the main cause of population growth in India. 10 13.(b)Analyse the trend in consumption inequality in India since the early 1990s. 10 14.Examine the complementarity between technological change and institutional change in enhancing agricultural growth in India. Suggest some measures for adoption of technologies for sustainable farming system in India. 20 15.Discuss the characteristic features of internal migration in India. Explain how urbanisation is linked with migration. What are the major determinants of rural to urban migration in large agglomerations in India? 20 16.Analyse the complementarity, difference and integration between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). "FDI is necessary but not sufficient condition for economic growth in India". Critically examine. 20

QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions.

There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE Sections.

The ONLY question in Section 'A' is compulsory.

In Section 'B', SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted.

In Section 'C', FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted.

Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the Sections.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limits may be penalized.

Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly.

Any page or portion of the page left blank left blank in the Question-cum-answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.

IES INDIAN ECONOMIC SERVICE 2022 QUESTION PAPER 1 2 3 4 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

IES INDIAN ECONOMIC SERVICE 2022 QUESTION PAPER 1 2 3 4 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 1-2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 1 Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions:

There are THIRTEEN questions divided under THREE sections.

The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory.

In Section B FIVE out of SEVEN questions are to he attempted

In Section C, THREE out of FIVE questions are to be attempted.

Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers.

Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of question shall be counted even if attempted partly.

Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off.

Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.

SECTION A (Compulsory Section)

Q1. Answer all the following seven parts. 5×7=35 (a)Show that the ordinary demand curve will have a greater demand elasticity than the compensated demand curve. 5 (b)Discuss the Lerner Index of monopoly power. 5 (c)Illustrate graphically the effects of advertising on price and output in monopolistic competition. 5 (d)Distinguish between Partial Equilibrium and General Equilibrium Approaches. 5 (e)"The social optimal output occurs where Marginal Social Benefits (MSBS) equal Marginal Social Costs (MSCs)." Examine the statement. 5 (f) Solve the following 2*2 game :

B1 B2 A1 2 3 A2 4 -1 Player A

Player B

(g) Show that TSS = ESS + RSS.

SECTION B Answer any five out of the following seven questions: 18×5=90 Q2.Consider the 2-variable linear regression model: Yi = α + βX i; + Ui , i= 1, 2,….., n, where notations have their usual meanings. (a)Estimate the parameters α and β by the OLS method. Also estimate standard errors of these estimates. 10 (b)Describe the testing procedure of B and estimate the 95% confidence interval of B. 08 Q3. (a) Define Indirect Utility Function. Derive the Indirect Utility Function from the Direct Utility Function. 06 (b)Consider the Indirect Utility Function: V = M² 4P1P2 where notations have their usual meanings. Derive the demand functions for x₁ and x2. 06 (c)Consider the utility function and budget equation of a consumer respectively: U = x1x2, M = p1 x1 + p2 x2, where notations have their usual meanings. Derive the expenditure function of the consumer. 06 Q4. (a) Show that a monopolists produces output in the elastic range of demand. 08 Q6. Consider an economy consisting of two consumers, one producer, one ordinary good, one public good and one primary factor. Show that Pareto optimality conditions are not valid for the public good. 18 Q7. (a)Explain the concept of stability and its different types. 6 (b)Explain the stability conditions in a single market both in the Walrasian process and Marshallian process. 12 Q9. (a)Consider the first-order autoregressive scheme in the general regression model. How would you estimate the variance, covariance and autocorrelation coefficient of the disturbance term of the model? 9 (b)Describe the Durbin-Watson (DW) test of autocorrelation. 7 (c)Given a sample of 50 observations and 4 explanatory variables, what can you say about autocorrelation if the computed Durbin-Watson (DW) values are: (i) 1-05, (ii) 2.50 and (iii) 3-97? [DWL= 1·378, DWU = 1.721 at 5% level of significance, n = 50, k = 4] 9

Q10. (a)Graphically explain the Lorenz curve as a measure of income inequality. 5 (b)How would you derive the Gini coefficient from the Lorenz curve ? 10 (c)How would you derive the Gini coefficient from the Pareto law of income distribution ? 10 Q11. (a)"It is not possible to construct social preferences from individual preferences without violating one or more of the five axioms." Examine the statement given by Arrow. 12 (b)Consider the economy with two goods and fixed factor supplies. Assume that the social welfare function defined in commodity space : w = (x₁ + 2) x2 and that society's implicit production function x₁ -2x2 - 1 = 0. 6 (c) Explain ‘Compensation Principle’ and ‘Test Criteria’ formulated by Hicks-Scitovsky. 7

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 2-2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS Paper - II Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions: There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE sections. The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory. In Section B, SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted. In Section C, FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted. Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limite may be penalized. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only. SECTION A (Compulsory Section) Q1. Answer the following questions in about 100 words each: 5×6=30 (a) What is the real cash balance effect? 5 (b) Which policy will be effective if the IS Curve is vertical? 5 (c) Illustrate, with a suitable example, how call options can be used for the purpose of speculation. 5 (d) Explain the difference between the concepts of convergence and conditional convergence. 5 (e) Explain the multiple exchange rate system and the advantages associated with it. 5 (f) Explain how the transfer pricing is generally used by a multinational corporation as a method of increasing profit. 5 SECTION B Answer any six out of the following nine questions in about 200 words each: 15*6=90 Q2. How can Quesnay’s Tableau Economique be regarded as a forerunner of modern circular flow of income and expenditure withou government? 15 Q3. Explain the differences among Gross National Product, National Income and Disposable Income. What adjustments have to made in order to calculate Green National Income? 15 Q4. Enumerate the basic differences between Keynesian and Monetarist schools of thought in stimulating demand. 15 Q5. Explain the relationship between finance and economic development in the context of a modern modern - using market economy. 15 Q6.Discuss Rostow’s stage theory of growth and compare it with Lewis’ econoimc development with unlimited supplies of labour. 15 Q7. What is instrumental in Solow’s growth model and what are its limitations? 15 Q8. Explain the relationship between the relative prices of output and relative factor rewards in the light of Stolper- Samuelson theoremn. 15 Q9.Do you agree that an economy cannot simultaneously maintain a fixed exchange rate, free capital movement and an independent monetary policy?Explain 15 Q10. Explain the changes in principles of multilateral trade negotiations over the globe since 1995. 15

IES GENERAL ECONOMICS PAPER 3 2022 GENERAL ECONOMICS Paper - III Time Allowed: Three Hours Maximum Marks: 200 Question Paper Specific Instructions Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions: There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE sections. The ONLY question in Section A is compulsory. In Section B, SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted. In Section C, FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted. Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the sections. The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it. Wherever any assumptions are made for answering a question, they must be clearly indicated. Diagrams/Figures, wherever required, shall be drwan in the space required for answering the question itself. Unless otherwise mentioned, symbols and notations have their usual standard meanings. Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limits may be penalized. Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question sha ll be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answer must be written in ENGLISH only.

SECTION “A” 1.Answer all the following parts in about 100 words each: 5*6=30
1.(a) Differentiate bequest value and existence values with example. 1.(b) What is the rationale behind zero-based budgeting? 1.(c) Clarity why a monopolist does not have a supply curve. 1.(d)Explain Laffer Curve with a diagram. 1.(e)What are India's Green Growth Challenges? 1.(f)The decentralized planning effectively reduces the regional disparities.' Substantiate your views.

SECTION 'B' Answer any six questions out of the following nine in about 200 words each: 15x6=90 2.'Collective actions by local communities can help to control the environmental degradation.' Explain. 15 3.Give an account of the Theory of Contestable Market propounded by W. J. Baumol. 15 4.Using suitable diagram, show that under monopoly, the consumer surplus is lower, but the producer surplus is higher than that of a perfect competitive market. 15 5.'Patents grant monopoly power and hence necessarily reduce the short term and long term welfare of the economy.' Argue in favour or against the statement. 15 6.Distinguish between institutions and organizations. How can they lead to path dependency? 15 7.Explain the doctrine of Environmental Kuznets curve with diagram. How does the sound environmental regulations shift the curve? 15 8.Discuss the significance of the Principle of Ability to pay in the context of justified equality in the payment of tax. 15 9.Elucidate the importance of monetary policy in managing the public debt. 15 10.Would you identify the expenditure to save the white tigers in India as use value?Elaborate. 15

SECTION 'C'

Answer any four questions out of the following six in about 300 words each : 20x4-80 11.Explain different categories of market-based instruments to control environmental pollution.20 12.'Market economy and development planning complement each other." Elaborate your views on this. 20 13.Present the basic arguments and discussions of Kyoto Protocol and Paris Climate Agreements. Identify the status of the US in these agreements. What is carbon credit ?20 14.'The unskilled surplus labour is a source for increasing foreign exchange.'Substantiate. 20 15.Cost-Benefit Analysis has been developed to make expenditure decisions more appropriate.Explain the statement with your comments. 20 16.(a) 'Kinked demand hypothesis is not a theory of pricing, but a tool for explaining why is price sticky in oligopoly. Discuss. (b)A monopolist has two demand functions in two separate markets. They are: P₁ = 80-5Q₁ P₂=170-20Q₂ O Type here to search If the marginal cost of the monopolist is Rs10 and his fixed cost is Rs 50, find the equilibrium prices and quantities in the two markets. How do they change if the fixed cost changes to ₹100 ? 8+12=20 IES INDIAN ECONOMY PAPER 4 2022

SECTION 'A'

1. Answer all six parts from this section. Answer to each should be in about 100 words. 5x6-30 1.(a)Write down the key recommendations of the 15th Finance Commission of India. 5 1.(b)What are the basic approaches of financial sector reforms in India? 5 1.(c)Discuss how e-NAM and derivatives market linkages can benefit farmers in India. 5 1.(d)Discuss the role of Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) in India in the context of inflation targeting. 5 1.(e)Write down the main features of foreign trade policy (2015-20) of India. 5 1.(f)Analyse the trends in 'Fuel and Power' inflation in India based on WPI. 5

SECTION 'B' Answer any six questions from this section. Answer to each should be in about 200 words. 15x6-90

2. "India has a worse underemployment problem than unemployment." Do you agree? Give reasons. 15 3.Analyse the performance of commodity futures markets in India. Critically evaluate the working of Forward Markets Commission (FMC) in India. 15 4.Describe the measures taken by the Government of India to tackle the problem of black money. To what extent these measures are successful in addressing the problem? 15 5.What is competition policy? Why do we need a national competition policy (NCP)? How does NCP affect economic growth in India? 15 6.Discuss the opportunities and challenges of India's insurance sector. How the insurance sector reforms can resolve these challenges ? 15 7.Analyse the effects of tariff protections on domestic industries in India. Evaluate India's trade openness and tariff policy since the 1991 reforms. 15 8.Explain the rationale for various monetary policy measures undertaken by the RBI during COVID-19 Pandemic in India. 15 9.How is core inflation different from CPI headline inflation ? What is the rationale in measuring core inflation ? Explain. 15
3. What is the Aspirational Districts Programme of the Government of India? Discuss how it is a manifestation of the inclusive development agenda. 15

SECTION 'C' Answer any four questions from this section. Answer to each should be in about 300 words. 20×4=80 11.(a)Differentiate between the strategies for self-reliance through protection and self-reliance through globalisation. 10 11.(b)Evaluate Public Expenditure Management Policy as an instrument of fiscal reforms in India. 10 12 .What are the basic principles of fiscal management in India? Discuss the role of FRBM rules (2004) to improve the fiscal health at sub-national level. 20 13.(a)Critically examine whether growing population is the cause of poverty or poverty is the main cause of population growth in India. 10 13.(b)Analyse the trend in consumption inequality in India since the early 1990s. 10 14.Examine the complementarity between technological change and institutional change in enhancing agricultural growth in India. Suggest some measures for adoption of technologies for sustainable farming system in India. 20 15.Discuss the characteristic features of internal migration in India. Explain how urbanisation is linked with migration. What are the major determinants of rural to urban migration in large agglomerations in India? 20 16.Analyse the complementarity, difference and integration between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). "FDI is necessary but not sufficient condition for economic growth in India". Critically examine. 20

QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions.

There are SIXTEEN questions divided under THREE Sections.

The ONLY question in Section 'A' is compulsory.

In Section 'B', SIX out of NINE questions are to be attempted.

In Section 'C', FOUR out of SIX questions are to be attempted.

Candidates should attempt questions/parts as per the instructions given in the Sections.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Candidates are required to write clear, legible and concise answers and to adhere to word limits, wherever indicated. Failure to adhere to word limits may be penalized.

Attempts of questions shall be counted in sequential order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly.

Any page or portion of the page left blank left blank in the Question-cum-answer (QCA) Booklet must be clearly struck off. Answers must be written in ENGLISH only.

INDIAN STATISTICAL SERVICE

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ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation

ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation

ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation

ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation

ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation

ISS 2021 solution 17 18 19 20 21 paper 1 indian statistical service answer iss 2022 preparation